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    8/18/2006

    Every Bead A Prayer &唐卡两稀品

    一,唐卡
     
    西藏热以来,唐卡制作买卖已成一产业。
    粗制滥造者众,但有两种不得不提,因为已经失传。
     
    其一为被称为塔尔寺三绝的“堆绣”。
     
    堆绣分两种,一为剪堆,一为“高绣”。
     
    从网上可搜到的所谓“塔尔寺三绝”的“堆绣”唐卡,全是这类工艺水准较低的门类。目前市面上可见的“堆绣”其实不过是剪贴堆菱,从工艺上而言,就是贴布绣。
     
    而真正堆绣——“高绣”,目前塔尔寺只剩十几幅十八罗汉图。从造型构图及风格上看,应非藏地原产。制作工艺可能是汉地传入,也许这也是时下藏区这种工艺完全消失的原因。
     
    为了不与时下世俗的剪堆相混,且将塔尔寺堆绣称“高绣”。
     
    从工艺上看,高绣是先依图案高低垫上羊毛或棉花,然后再在表面下针,以形成浅浮雕效果。
     
    事实上,这和潮绣中的“垫绣”是完全一致的,还有粗纱平铺、棉絮垫底、线钉钉缀等专门的打底工艺,杨坚平在今年新出的“潮绣抽纱”一书中有提及。用金银绒线垫绣做成的人物绣相或龙像,均为浮雕效果;夸张者,潮绣中的龙鳞片片可以掀动。
     
    问题是活着的潮绣金银线垫绣艺人所剩无几。
     
    其二为,珍珠唐卡。
     
    珍珠唐卡,或可归入珠绣一类。
     
    因做工繁复,每幅需数万颗构成;如镶上宝石珍珠,更成成本高昂。
     
    国内珍珠唐卡基本不可见。
     
    倒是NEW YORK一画廊曾展过一幅珠绣唐卡,是曾任美国空军军官、毒贩,最终皈依藏密的Russell Ellis 所绣,定题为Every Bead A Prayer。25年做了7幅
     
    四川一藏画家也做有一珠绣曼荼罗,前年我曾询过价,开价是七万。目前报价到26万。
     
    另有北京一公司也提供有十字绣针法做成唐卡,可惜呆板粗鄙,不足与道。
     
     
     
    二,一砂一世界

    Every Bead A Prayer,这个题目定得很漂亮,让人想起英国诗人William Blake写有一首禅意十足的诗。

    To see a world in a grain of sand,
    And a heaven in a wild flower,
    Hold infinity in the palm of your hand,
    And eternity in an hour.

    汉译有多版本,

    梁宗岱译:

    一颗沙里看出一个世界,一朵野花里一座天堂;
    把无限放在你的手掌上,永恒在一刹那里收藏。

    大师李叔同译:

    一花一世界,一沙一天国;
    君掌盛无边,刹那含永劫。

    台湾的散文家陈之藩译:

    一粒沙里有一个世界,一朵花里有一个天堂
    把无穷无尽握于手掌,永恒宁非是刹那时光


    我的康译版

    一砂一世界
    一花一天堂
    一掌承无限
    一瞬已永恒

     

     

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